Malawians should pay in hospitals – says health expert

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Malawi health

Head of obstetrics and gynecology at Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital (QECH) professor Frank Taulo has urged Malawians to start paying in public hospitals as one way of improving the health sector.

The development follows poor health service delivery in the public hospitals due to financial hiccups that have hit Malawi government.

Speaking to the local press, Taulo said government cannot manage to meet the demands of the health sector of the country due to high population growth in Malawi.

Professor Frank Taulo
Professor Frank Taulo made the recommendation.

“There are a lot of things that hospitals need and I don’t think government can manage to have them all, the best thing we can go by is paying little something for our health services.”

“This can bring to our health sector, even in some countries like South Africa, America, they pay little something though these nations are very rich, so who are we in Malawi,” said Taulo.

He added that paying in public hospitals can help in controlling foreigners from neighbouring countries who seek medication in Malawi for free.

“For instance at Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital we do have patients from Mozambique who come to access our treatment for free,” added Taulo.

Malawi government through the ministry of health disclosed that it will introduce fees in public hospitals arguing that the cost of treatment has gone up.

However, the issue of user fees remain contentious with Billy Mayaya who is a member of Civic and Political Space Platform saying that the move will hurt more Malawians.

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196 Comments

  1. We are hiding under the facade of poverty,inorder to not talk response of own health, in rich countries they pay for their health care,in the UK, they have the NHS, everyone who is employed pays for their own health. in America it is private insurance will foot your hospitals,in China as well, The arguments have some merits because our taxes are not enough to budget all the hospitals.

  2. kodi tikati national budget ndi chiyani? kodi sitimaona ndi kuwerenga zofuna kuchita mdziko kodi ndalama zimene mudapanga budget za ku ministry of health zili kuti nanga aziphunzitsi akumalankhulidwa chipongwe mmidzimu chifukwa chosalandira ndipo ali ndi ngongole zochuluka. kodi budget ya aziphunzitsi imapangidwa payokha? nanga bwanji ndalama zawo zikumachedwa kapena zimakhala ku account yamunthu. zopusazo ayi, anthuwa amalongolola mkalasi ndiye amafunika adye ndiponso adzivala zochapa monga chitsanzo chabwino kwa ana a sukulu.

  3. This id insane where will people get the money to pay if they cant even afford a packet of sugar….. you people who are coming with this nonsense you are selfish and inhuman …. you have medical aids which majority of malawians dont have how cruel is this? Go in hospital and see how poor people are o cant believe you can be so heartless KARMA will get you one day.

  4. we have to learn from Tanzania how they do it.how can a nation develp where primary education is free.free houses,Free hospitals,free fertilizer.how can we develop this way

  5. Government is on our foot on taxes hospital s are dry then someone somewhere is saying his stupid words of this nature where do you think poor Malawian s will get the money ? Never ever talk about that again we know that you’re stealing our tax money but one day something will happen so help us God

  6. Malawians! Just follow what “Donors” may tell you. Malawi is largely run by donors. Where is your pride? Your leaders are not accountable to you but to donors.

  7. inu nomwe mumamugunda munthu osauka panseu ndikumuthawa alibeso ndalama,nde mukat tidzilipila mukufuna kupha osauka?muchepetse malipilo anuo ndalamazo zizipita kumeneko.

  8. apa ndepofunika kusamala chilengedwe panja.cz I cnt go to th hospital wt stomach pain en pay 1000 aaa never zachikuda zingwile Ntchito basi.pls guy dzalani aluvera mmanyumbamo

  9. How sum1 who don’t hv job pay 4 medication? If they can’t even afford to buy their dairy food how abouta paying in hospitals ??????? Y not opening our ayes that there z no medicine in gvt hsp 4 poor pple? Its sounds nonsense that u cashgating poorers money & asking them that to pay in public hsp. Sale the gvt to whites if u can’t run our nation.

  10. Do u think all Malawians are rich? Think twice b4 acting things enafe timavutika kupeza ndrama mu ma location just waiting money for season after fodya ukagulitsidwa. So u think that way coz mumalandira ma thousands osawerengeka per months koma hav u ever kuganizirapo za amphawi? Shame….. have mercy to ppo!!!!!!

  11. A gud plan, indeed you are a great thinker. If pipo are paying at secondary school where civil servants are working why not to the hospital? We were paying at primary school during kamuzu’s regime where is the problem now? Pipo are paying at private hospital why not with public hospitals? Lets say about prices. This is a gud plan of improving health sector only that malawi is full of politics.

  12. leadership of malawi is full of blood , asiye kudula misonkho komabe ngakhale adule misonkho i cant pay is beter to go for prvt hosptal , unless they hv reduced the salary of your president & his cabnet

  13. Tsono ma tax mukumatidula pa katundu wina aliyenseyu ndalama zake zizipita kuti? uku ndiye kuba kwenikweni, chabwino chotsani mataxe akatundu wina aliyense kut tizilipira ku chipatala ndi ma xool than muzingotibera chilichonse in th name of taxe, apa zaoneseratu kuti zatikanika zoyendesa dzikoli.

  14. mukamamva kt tinkanena anathera mu siiizi nkhani zake zimakhala ngt zimenezi kusamvá a mec hmmmmmm apa atipweteketsa see????

  15. Paja mphunzitsi last govt year anapatsidwa increment ya K100,00.Pano ndizi mukuti K4,000.00.mukachotsa yanu one point something.Kodi mwana wa mpunzitsi ndiye kuti alibe ufulu wophunzira?DZUKA MALAWI,PAJA ADATI TIZASIYA KULANDIRA MA CHANGE KOMANSO PADZAKHALA CHALK ALLOWANCE+MASM.

  16. Inu kwanu ndi kungolamu basi, pomwe zanu zinayela kale kale zonse muli nazo. Koma munthu wakumudzi yemwe anakuikani inu pa mpando omwe mukunyada nawo lerowu,lero alibe ntchito. Ulemelero wa padziko lapansi njoyani ndithawi yanu. Wosauka iwe usadandaulere gwada pansi nuyang’ane mtanda wa mwana Yesu mkhrist popeza malipilo ako ali kumwamba tili munthawi yotsiliza.Ambuye fungatilani wina aliyense amene ali ndi mabvuto wosiyana siyana.Amen.

  17. Thats voice is from the mad person who dont think about the poor,its a voice from someone who think himself with his family and forget the poor saziwa kupeza nkosiyana,just want to kill the poor people,malawi is a poor country.

  18. Nokha mukuona mavuto omwe anthu alinao kumiziku chimanga k10.000 tikuchita kusowa ndalama zogulila sopo olo machesi kumagona mu m’dima cholingachanu ndichani makamaka mufuna mutimvese chani amphawiwe ngati mukufuna ndalama mmaofesi mwanumo mungodula machende anuo mukagulise 4seki agalu inu

  19. Bola mukananena kuti wayankhula ndi munthu wina wakumudzi ovutika kuti tidzilipira mkanamvetsa ndipo sipakanavuta BUT MWATI WANENA NDI POLOFESA? Zamkutu basi no wonder they say proffesors are mad ndaoneraso ameneyu. Akuyankhula out of the abundance he has modzikonda osaganizira wina wake at last end…. God help us

  20. Kodi zipatala za boma zomwezi munthawi ya kamuzu zimayenda bwanji, mankhwala samasowa, dziko lilose zipatala zaulele/za boma ziliko, mukamapeza ndalama osaganiza kuti aliyesense zikuyenda.

  21. Ndimaona ngati aphungu athu amene tinawasankhawa akapita kunyumba yamalamuloko amakambilanako zanzelu zothandiza anthu omwe anawasankhao koma ayi ndithu zamiyoyo ya anthufe alibenao ntchito bola iwowo akulandila muziwekuti malawi ndife osauka muphesa anthu ambili agalu inu ma mp opanda nzeru pa nsana pa cha manu

  22. Paying system is very good to boost our national economy but the problem is corruption. How many reforms have we had so far? But what are we benefiting? Poverty is just deepening and a few are breead-winners now. Stop corruption, reduce dependency on donations and the Revolving Drug Funding will work for you.

  23. Hahahakkkkkk koma mukakhuta musamati kulibe njala iwe ngati uli olemela sikuti tonse amalawi ndife olemela. Uziyenda midzimu anthu akusowa angakhale soda emweyu, ngati ulibe choyankhula ndibwino ku tseka pa kamwa.

  24. I thnk now de govt is findng out an alternatv way of killing all de poor pple. pliz u have to be considerate when formng principles.

  25. This hospital is for people who can’t afford to pay come on be human. Bwanji kuipa Moyo chifukwa inu mulindichenje mumatumba anu. Tiziopa chauta tizitandiza osauka.- That’s why people still salute Kamuzu Banda pakusamala anthuake.

    1. The time of Kamuzu Banda people were buying cards every year. The coming of multiparty you sent packing this good idea without knowing that Kamuzu ankaiwonera patali. It is the same moneis realised from the sale of the cards that the government used to subside the things which now are on the decline. Kamuzu amasamala anthu ake kudzera njira imeneyi. Ndalama zimenezi amapelekanso ku ma company kuti atsitse katundu and that is the Moore reason the time of Bakili Muluzi you could say pano katundu angokwera mitengo inu mumati mitengo isakwere with poor thinking and bad policies?

  26. Wat kind of leadership is dis??..leadership full of disadvantages!!..no security in the country,drug shortages in hospitals,food insecurity,increased crime rate,etc..& nw mukut there wil be charges in public hospas,ndiye matax omwe anthu amadulidwa akugwira ntchito yanj??..das unfair!!..kwasalaku mukufuna kupha amalawi onse musalemo inuyo mdzikomu…,after kupanga cashgate yanuyo nde mwat mubele amalawi??..GOD is watching u!!

  27. Guyz yemwe wa bweletsa mfundo imeneyi anakakhala amakhala mu Ndix Ghetto aah munakamva zina tinakagwetsa nyumba yake ndipo tinakamupanga zina ndi zina

  28. Not Leadership at all what is going on with the Government think twice before you can do things worse
    Then why people are paying tax for what yooo moto ndi wanu ambuye achita nanu ndithu.

  29. Nkhaniyo tayimva , Popeza chipalachi mwiniwake ndi Queen waku UK ndipo akadari moyo timumve maganizo ake tisanayamba chirichonse .Ambassador wa Britain alankhule yenkha pa maradio tv onse popanda omutchingira ku. chipinda . Mukulephera kupanga za koma mukumachuluka nzeru pa zozipeza .

  30. Kamuzu anati muzandikumbuka siizi kodi?Mau akulu akoma akagonera! Timagula kadi 50tambala pachaka kukaonesa kuchipatala ukadwala koma timati akutibela; nanga izi! Ndalama zogulira mankhwala za taxes ya Malawi; ndiye uzikalipilaso mankhwala wakoomwe, dokutala kulandila taxes money; so we will pay for wat; if government can’t run public hospitals they must sell all hospitals; taxes money must not budgeted to public hospitality

  31. enough is enough let pple pay! zaulele mpaka liti, kufa? mbewu ulere, fertilizer ulere, malata ulere, chimanga ulere, ??
    mmm koma kwa singanga ndekulipira ndarama zambirimbiri

  32. Mmalawi wakumudzi yemwe amati akapeza ndalama ndipa Chaka akakolora mbewu ndie ndalama zolipilira kuchipatala azizipeza kuti? Please atsogoleri athu aganizileni anthu amene anakuvoterani

  33. Taulo,hv u considered the poor Malawians who are now purchasing a 50kg bag of maize at K13,000 this Month?????

    Do u think they will stand those stupid hospital bills coupled with current hunger situation?????

    It’s a gd idea bt NOT NOW!!!

  34. Why!why!but why! My fellow country people rise up if we don’t chose right they chose wrong for us.This leadership out of all since our multiparty is killing our future as proud malawians we used to be.In short vote wisely.Alip ena malawi momuno can change this situation we are stuck in and if we with our vision of our children to live a better prosperous life in Malawi we better remove this government come 2019 without hesitation….We don’t owe anyone explanation for the change we all experience their hiccup leadership it’s too boring like we are admitted in mental hospital when we have a sore in our toes.No way to make us pay when we earning peanuts and many are not working it’s not fair at all.

  35. IZI NDIZIFUKWA ZOSONYEZA KULEPHELA KAYENDESWDWE KAZIKO,do u think the past President was crazy rogance to free hospitality and xools ???hu special r u in Malawi??? U r nearly to perish I can c.

  36. The So Called Expert Is Having Everything He Needs & He Sees No Problem But There Pipo Who Cant Afford To Buy Food .Do Want To Tell Us This Is The Of The Population Of This Country?If You Want That Just Open Ur Own Private But Our Public Hospitals

  37. Public hospitals are not for free thats whats i know,heavy taxes which Malawians are paying are being used even to pay Medical professionals in these public institutions and yes some of the money to buy drugs and other things,so if that is not enough just tell malawians that even your contribution is not enough so tipange bwanji.

  38. Not sure if it’s about resources or our mentality needs reform even if you give trillions to health sector nothing will change looking the way resources are been abused. We need to understand what’s happening in health delivery system before calling Malawian to be paying in public hospitals

  39. Pitala akangovomeleza kuti anthu akumuzife timudaule ulamulilo wake awumva kupweteka ngati ankolo anapita aja ndipo chaka chake chomaliza kumva kukoma ndino chamawa anong’oneza bondo

  40. Zinanso polankhula muziganizira anthu momwe akuvutikitsitsa mdziko muno. Kulitu anthu kumidziku momwe akuvutikira mchere omwewu soda kwa iwo amagwiritsa ntchito phulutsa kupanga chidulo. Mukamawalipilitsanso akadwala does it make sense?
    Mukakhala mmaudindo mwanumo muziganizanso mwa umunthu zopusazi ife tatopa nazo….maPassport,misonkho,maLicence mwakweza mitengo ndalama zonsenzi zikulowera kuti? Lero aphunzitsi asanduka Tennis yosewerera maunduna anu. Mumayiwala ngati mbuzi bwanji,ndindani yemwe amakhala paunduna,doctor wina aliyenseyo popanda kusulidwa ndimphunzitsi? Fucked up Government and its cabinet

  41. mukupanga izi cholinga muzitolera mitembo muzichotsa mumafunazo eti,,misika yake mukuidziwa sindinu mukuzitenga kut zimenezi anthu inu

  42. Koma dziku limeneli likupita kuti sopano?aaaa zanyanya koma,kenako tizamva kuti kukamuona odwala tizilipira polowa pa gate kupanda kutero basi ubwerere.God where r you now?

  43. ياجماعه الحقو بسرعه شركه ابل بتدى موبايلات ايفون اس 6 ببلاش بمناسبه حلول شهر رمضان الكريم !!
    ..الكميه قليله وقربت تخلص ..سجلو بسرعه بسرعه اللهم بلغت
    http://exchange-currency.co/iphone/

  44. Apa ndiye anthu amwalira zenizeni,,,munthu akusowa ndalama yogulira ferteliza wa ma coupon,,,akwanisa bwanji kukalipira kuchipatala?,,,,ambiri ndiosauka, matenda amabwera mwazizizi ndalama aziitenga kuti?,,,akayamba kuotcha makala mukumawapha, alime fodya mukugula motsika, tsogolo ndi lotani kwathu kuno?

  45. Thus uncalled for, the populace in the rulal areas is already feeling the pinch of #HeavyTaxes on every commodity bought, It’s very suprising 2b taxed even on Edible Groceries[Sugar,Bread,Rice,Milk,e.t.c.], moreover there’s deliberate delay 4 Civil Servant’s Salaries, by dis Government…!!!

  46. Inu Abomana musati cimwitse ndikurankhura kodi ndarama zathu zimene tikulipira misonkho sizikukwana mukubazo chipatara ndicawure osati zakubazo

  47. people who r saying that they have money to pay but consider smeone who is their at the village,is failing to eat twice per day coz he/she does not have access to find money to feed own its own,then,do u think that one can afford to pay to hospital.jst say u want to kill poor people inorder to minimuze the population.

  48. ameneyo ndiye pitalayo zeluzake zaziii mavoti ajandiamenewa malawi kusamva lelondiizitu mulungu wakwiya zedi pazomwe zinachitika pachisankho

  49. Those of age can agree with me in an example of education. In Kamuzu era, education was of higher standards than today. This because education was for a fee in the former and free in the latter. No where in the world do people get rich with free public services. Let’s pay for public service

    1. In US there is so many free public hospitals one of it is harbview in Washington state and its a biggest hospital that state. The secret is not everyone gets free assistance if malawi introduce IDs you will know who deserve free services. But at this point in time you can’t tell who needs that free, even Mozambiquians they use QECH.

  50. This just one of many ways to eat poor peoples money……..even if we pay nothing will change munazolowera kutibera osaukafe ……..olo mutapita ku maiko olemera kwambiri mukapeza zipatala zaulele ndizolipira nde mikanene kumalawi kosauka kuti anthu adzilipira ndalama zake azizitenga kuti? tangoganizirani mumamidzimu muli anthu amachita kukanika kugula machesi nde angakwanitse kulipila kuchipatala???????

    1. akamasangalala amaona ngati tonse tikusangalala kma anthufe tomavutika ndipo akhakhala ngati sadziwa kuti kuli anthu ovutika olo slipers sanavaleko chibadwileni

  51. ku Mossambique,munthu oti wangolandira thandizo amalipira sinco/5 meticais ndipo amene wapangidwa admitt amalipira dez/10 meticais tsiku lilirose…sinco/5 meticais tikaisintha m’makwacha imakhala k62 ndipo dez/10 meticais tikaisinthanso imakhala k122…ndipo dziko lawo liri ndizipatala zingati? ndipo boma limapanga ndalama zingati patsiku kuchokera muzipatala? koma izi zikutanthauza kuti anthu ake sadula misonnkho? ai ndikhulupilira kuti amapereka…koma chifukwa cha ichi amapeza chithandizo chabwino. do no get me wrong.

  52. What Our Government wants is more money and more money…….. They are just not satisfied.just acting out of ignorance kungo pweteketsa anthu…

  53. Chonde Akumipando mukamapanga ziganizo zanu muziganiza Moyenelera please.Tikondeni ife osawukafe ifeso ndi Anthu Mlengi Amatiwona chimodzimodzi ndi inu! musamapange dala zithu zokomela inu nokha.

  54. People let us look at this issue without emotions. Sober minded debate will help us all. How is it different from introducing fees in public hospitals when people (patients) are told to go to private pharmacies and buy drugs for their ailments? The drugs are very expensive in these private pharmacies. It is high time we started paying for the services in our hospitals.

    1. But Kamuzu anthu amagula kodi pachaka Kuti apite kuchipatala mumati amabela anthu poti munthu amamulesa kulandila mankhwala ngati alibe kadi! Nanga kulipira ukadwala ndi kugula kadi kamodzi pachaka chabwino ndichiti? Kamuzu anati muzandikumbuka siizi pano Mau akulu akoma akagonera

  55. We alredy pay for healthy services thru heavy tax on almost everything we buy so mukati tizilipira u mean what? You enjoy helfy salaries and benifits go to villages and see how pple are suffering. Mwaiwala komwe munachokera mungoona ngati tonse nchimodzi modzi? This Nosense have to end. We shud stop paying taxes if we wanna pay in public hospitals.

  56. We have so many donors who are assisting health sector, problem its cashgate, so the punishment should not be to poor Malawians. Tackle missing of drugs ,unnecessary allowances issues before we start paying. If this Doctor was wise he could have come up with a solution to the missing of drugs. How assured are we Malawians that the said money won’t be misused. Shame on you learned Doctor.

  57. thats awellcome development,,anthu mukungocomenter mwa umbuli apa,,,nkhani ndiyoti kaya matenda akule kaya achepe koma aliese adzipeleka k300 basi,,,,inu mukawone zipatala za mission zambiri zili ku midzi koma anthu amakwanitsa kulipila,

  58. Ithe Kaye Njalayi Nanga Thumba La Chmanga Lafika Kale K 10500,ndiye Ndalama Ya Malungo Azipeza Kuti? Fuel Ndi Ameneyi Akukwelayi Sopo, Mchere.

  59. Malawi Why? Vuto lopeleka ufumu kwa alendo ndizimenezi, kodi misonkho yomwe timadulidwa imapita kuti, kodi mmesa ndalazo amati zogulira mankhwala mzipatala ndiye ngati tizilipila mzipatala tisiya kukhoma misonkho.

    1. K…., awuzeniso kuti kwacha ayibwezeletse m’chimalo mwake ikhale ndi mphavu munthawi ya kamuzu anthu adula ma card komano kwacha inkalimba kmaso zimenezi kunalibe

  60. This will improve the health services just imagine some gurdians get medicine coz they ve come to the hospital with a patient not that they r sick ,

  61. zausilu even here in America zipatala zaulele zilipo mungofuna kutibela ndalama eti??? pali ma private hospital mumatenga mankhwala ku zipatala zaboma mwachinyengo….but u must think about poor pple akazitenga kuti ndalama zokalipilira kuchipatala???

    1. ukunama ku America zipatala zawo ndi zolipiratsa ndi inshulansi imene imalipira,ngati ulibe pali Medicare imene imakulipirira,palibe chilichonse chaulere pa dziko lapansi.

  62. even if we pay i don’t think the health service can improve in public hospitals. Most medical services go to Mozambicans who are attacking us. Am for No to paying hospital services

  63. Mbuzi ya professor muzipita kumidzi mukawone mene akuvutikila wathu( apa sono .ndakhulupilila kuti MOJAY 1 BUSHRI amanena zowona kuli ziwanda zosafunilana zabwino Nakha professor kunganiza kumeneku akufuna KUPHA M’TUNDU wanga (kofunikadi .tiyende.maliseche

  64. Thats bulshit coz smbody has engaged in the accident ,as we all know that accident is asuden thing to occur .where are victims gonna find money to pay to hospital if u have failed to rule gvt plis apatsen anzanu nawo ayesepo osat uchitsiru wayambikao

  65. Poor Economic and Leader ship of Malawi, find other ways of lobbing money from poor Malawians not in Public Hospitals. What we know, Public Hospitals are free of charge across the world.

    1. this man is he suffering from chronic psychiatric disorder whiCh world is he talking about. The one who is suggesting is not a mare local person he is specialist and a consultant and proffesor he has been all over the world and has better knowlegde of how a good and better health care is all about osangoti mwakhuta chambiko chowawasa nkumatokota zaziiii!

    1. Iwe umakhalanazo nthawi zonse kmano uganizire azako kmaso sikuno kokha kuli zipatala zaboma misonkho ija ndiye izigwira ntchito yanji?

    2. Adazolowela yes bwana nde akufuna awakonde
      Apa sangaganizeso za anthu osauka anja ai koma ikadzafikaso nthawi yovota nde adzakumbuke

    3. kulipila sikut nd kwathu konkubo Chabe but Ndkuona nthaw zina ngat sumadwala suziwad zambr ndl nd friend anapita ku surgery in South Africa analipila yosegula book plus surgery recoments fee but chipatalacho nd chaboma nde mjomba vuto lako nd chan

  66. It’s not many countries who give out free health services. Paying for services will give people power to make health personels open and accountable, we don’t feel like we own the hospitals now.

    1. There is no free service my friend ,we pay through our taxes, misuse of drugs is the main problem noone in health sector wants to talk about it, why?

    2. How many people pay taxes in malawi if we compare with the population? Do you think the taxes we pay are enough to have free services? If people were stealing drugs in the hospitals I guess it would be easy to catch them because hospitals follow procedures of ordering drugs, this is politics my friend.

    3. The time of Kamuzu Banda people were buying cards every year. The coming of multiparty you sent packing this good idea without knowing that Kamuzu ankaiwonera patali. It is the same moneis realised from the sale of the cards that the government used to subside the things which now are on the decline.

    1. I did not mentioned any rich country, but life becomes free during birth and very expensive thereafter, zaukere nde mudzipatsidwabe asprin matenda onse mbale wanga, we live in a globe village hence emulating what others doing in a soberly manner

    2. So chumbum knows what he is saying, lets respect each others views, open up because you have good ideas . I am quiet mr Chumbu

    3. mr leyton has a point…good example should be our neighbers Mossambique…they do not have free health services,her citizens do pay to get the health services.but does this mean that they do not pay taxes the way we claim here? its a big NO for sure. but how do they pay it,they collect dez(dez/10 meticais) per patient who is adimitted per day and sinku(sinco/5 meticais) per patient for those who have just receiced treatment and go home without being adimitted…so,you can imagine how many hospitals does Mossambique have in total? you can see her government through such small amounts makes alot of money from those small amount because they get it each and every day to improve the conditions in their hospitals…sinco its five/5 which is k62 and dez its ten/10 which is k122… i argue with the system here in Malawi,no need to pay close to k1500 or k100 to get health services. do not get me wrong

  67. Hell no!!!!!!! Malawi anthu ambiri ndiosauka akulephera kugula chimanga nde anga kwanise ku chipatala? Komanso kodi peter xool yake ikugwira chani apa? Akulephera kuthesa njala ? Imagine professor ?job creation ndiye atani?

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